The education degree is designed for working professionals who are available to enroll in evening and weekend classes. The program can be completed within two years, according to the news provider. The school is hoping to offer the christian ministry, business and education degrees to distance-learning students during the 2011-2012 academic year.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the number of jobs for kindergarten, elementary, middle and high school teachers is expected to increase by 13 percent over the next eight years. Due to increased federal funding, there is projected to be significantly more career opportunities in lower-income and urban areas. Government officials hope to decrease the achievement gap between ethnic students, as well as lower the dropout rate for at-risk and minority individuals.

According to the BLS, education requirements for professionals vary by the grade level that they wish to teach. Kindergarten and elementary school teachers typically take courses that focus on the psychology of learning and instruction methods. They also are expected to have general knowledge in several subjects, including mathematics, physical science, social science, music, art and literature.

Individuals who have career or domestic responsibilities may consider pursuing an early childhood education degree online.

According to The Laramie Boomerang, individuals who are studying this field at a Wyoming-based college are required to complete a three-phase degree program before graduation. Beginning during their sophomore year, the first phase allows aspiring educators to observe professionals in the field.

During their junior year, they receive more real-life experience by planning and teaching a lesson in a classroom. During their senior year, students are paired with a mentor during the fall semester, and then they integrate their observations and knowledge into a full-time teaching position during the spring semester.

According to the news source, the Wyoming-based college is hoping to attract early education teachers from across the state by offering distance-learning opportunities and credit-transfer options at community colleges. The statewide program requires students to complete the first two years of their education at a junior college, then take a combination of web-based courses, video lectures and on-campus classes for three years. 

India is a party to the UN declaration on the Rights of the Child 1959. Accordingly, it adopted a National Policy on Children in 1974. The policy reaffirmed the constitutional provisions for adequate services to children, both before and after birth and through the period of growth to ensure their full physical, mental and social development.

Accordingly, the government is taking action to review the national and state legislation and bring it in line with the provisions of the Convention. It has also developed appropriate monitoring procedures to assess progress in implementing the Convention-involving various stake holders in the society.
India is also a signatory to the World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children. In pursuance of the commitment made at the World Summit, the Department of Women and Child Development under the Ministry of Human Resource Development has formulated a National Plan of Action for Children. Most of the recommendations of the World Summit Action Plan are reflected in India’s National Plan of Action- keeping in mind the needs, rights and aspirations of 300 million children in the country.

The priority areas in the Plan are health, nutrition, education, water, sanitation and environment. The Plan gives special consideration to children in difficult circumstances and aims at providing a framework, for actualization of the objectives of the Convention in the Indian context.

As minors by law children do not have autonomy or the right to make decisions on their own for themselves in any known jurisdiction of the world. Instead their adult caregivers, including parents, social workers, teachers, youth workers and others, are vested with that authority, depending on the circumstances. Some believe that this state of affairs gives children insufficient control over their own lives and causes them to be vulnerable.

Before we ponder upon the concept of the rights of the children, we need to know the definition of the term ‘child’ which The Convention of the Rights of the Child defines as persons below the age of 18 years, however different laws stipulate different cut-off ages to define a child. Only the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act 2000 is in consonance with the Convention. In the absence of a clear definition of a child, it is left to various laws and interpretations. Children’s rights are defined in numerous ways, including a wide spectrum of civil, cultural, economic, social and political rights. Children’s rights are the human rights of children with particular attention to the rights of special protection and care afforded to the young, including their right to association with both biological parents, human identity as well as the basic needs for food, universal state-paid education, health care and criminal laws appropriate for the age and development of the child. (1) Interpretations of children’s rights range from allowing children the capacity for autonomous action to the enforcement of children being physically, mentally and emotionally free from abuse, though what constitutes “abuse” is a matter of debate. Other definitions include the rights to care and nurturing. (2)

Basic Rights of Children in India:

The right to Education and Cultural Development: 50% of Indian children aged 6-18 do not go to school; Dropout rates increase alarmingly in class III to V, its 50% for boys, 58% for girls. Every child has the right to development that lets the child explore her/his full potential. Unfavourable living conditions of underprivileged children prevent them from growing in a free and uninhibited way.

The right to Expression and Thought: Every child has a right to express himself freely in whichever way he likes. Majority of children however are exploited by their elders and not allowed to express.

The right to Information and Participation: Every child has a right to know his basic rights and his position in the society. High incidence of illiteracy and ignorance among the deprived and underprivileged children prevents them from having access to information about them and their society.

The right to Nutrition: More than 50% of India’s children are malnourished. While one in every five adolescent boys is malnourished, one in every two girls in India is undernourished.

The right to Health & Care: 58% of India’s children below the age of 2 years are not fully vaccinated. And 24% of these children do not receive any form of vaccination. Over 60% of children in India are anemic. 95 in every 1000 children born in India, do not see their fifth birthday. 70 in every 1000 children born in India, do not see their first birthday.

Right to protection from harm:

The right to protection from Abuse:  There are approximately 2 million child commercial sex workers between the age of 5 and 15 years and about 3.3 million between 15 and 18 years. They form 40% of the total population of commercial sex workers in India. 500,000 children are forced into this trade every year.

The right to protection from Exploitation:  17 million children in India work as per official estimates. A study found that children were sent to work by compulsion and not by choice, mostly by parents, but with recruiter playing a crucial role in influencing decision. When working outside the family, children put in an average of 21 hours of labour per week. Poor and bonded families often “sell” their children to contractors who promise lucrative jobs in the cities and the children end up being employed in brothels, hotels and domestic work. Many run away and find a life on the streets.

The right to protection from Neglect:   Every child has a right to lead a well protected and secure life away from neglect. However, children working under exploitative and inhuman conditions get neglected badly.

The right to Recreation: Every child has a right to spend some time on recreational pursuits like sports, entertainment and hobbies to explore and develop. Majority of poor children in India do not get time to spend on recreational activities.

The right to Name, Identity & Nationality: Every child has a right to identify himself with a nation. A vast majority of underprivileged children in India are treated like commodities and exported to other countries as labour or prostitutes.

The right to Survival: Of the 12 million girls born in India, 3 million do not see their fifteenth birthday, and a million of them are unable to survive even their first birthday. Every sixth girl child’s death is due to gender discrimination.

 Rights of the Children Guaranteed by the Indian Constitution and Statutes:

The Constitution of India guarantees all children certain rights, which have been specially included for them. These include:
1.         Right to free and compulsory elementary education for all children in the 6-14 years of age group            (Article 21-A).
2.         Right to be protected from any hazardous employment till the age of 14 years (Article 24).
3.         Right to be protected from being abused and forced by economic necessity to enter occupations           unsuited to their age or strength (Article 39(e)).
4.         Right to equal opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and guaranteed protection of childhood and youth against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment (Article 39 (f)).

Besides these they also have rights as equal citizens of India, just as any other adult male or female:

Right to equality (Article 14).
Right against discrimination (Article 15).
Right to personal liberty and due process of law (Article 21).
Right to being protected from being trafficked and forced into bonded labour (Article 23).
Right of weaker sections of the people to be protected from social injustice and all forms of exploitation (Article 46).

Despite Constitutional guarantees of opportunity and civil rights, millions of children face wide-spread deprivation and discrimination. The Constitution of India provides a comprehensive understanding of child rights. A fairly comprehensive legal regime exists for their implementation. India is also a signatory to several international legal instruments including the Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC). However, the government seems to be more comfortable with the idea of well-being rather than rights (with its political overtones). Needless to say, ours is not the only government to do so. The Union Government’s ideology resonates with the watering down of the rights based framework in the recent UN Special Session on Children which failed to reaffirm international pledges made in 1990 to protect the rights of children.

That our laws are not child friendly or child oriented is also evident in the distinction family laws make between legitimate and illegitimate children depending on the status of their parents’ marriage or relationship. A child born out of wedlock or of a void or illegal marriage is considered ‘illegitimate’. Children pay for the decisions taken by the parents and are denied inheritance rights. Even worse, a child born of rape is stigmatized and treated as ‘illegitimate’, both by society and law.

Recognizing the flaws of the 1986 Juvenile Justice Act, the government passed the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2000. But the knee jerk reaction in amending the law without a wider discussion and consultation with child rights practitioners has left many who are concerned with children and work with them deeply distressed. In 2003 the government drafted amendments

Caring new born involves the cleaning of umbilical cord stump with alcohol after every diaper change. Parents wonder when this will fall off. Umbilical cord is connected to the placenta and your baby at the belly button area (navel). After the birth the cord is cut and covered with clamps.

Care of umbilical has to be taken to prevent the infection until it falls off by itself. Dip a cotton swab or cotton ball in alcohol and move it around the bottom of the cord where it is attached to the navel. It has to fall off within 1 to 3 weeks after the birth.

New born usually eat for every three to four hours, some even feed for every two hours. As breast-fed babies can digest fast they need to be fed more frequently than the bottle-fed young ones.

Baby crying is a sort of communication between the mother and the baby. They usually cry when they are hungry, wet, tired, and lonely, bored and have to burp.

A mother quickly understands what the baby needs. Responding to a baby will simply build the relationship between the child and mother instead of spoiling the child.

Many things can be done to make a crying baby calm. By holding a baby over ones shoulders will make him calm down. Also by placing stomach of the baby across the knees or by wrapping the baby in blankets will do the trick.

Sleep is an essential thing to the new born. Normally a baby can sleep for 16 to 20 hours a day. The American Academy Pediatrics suggested that the healthy full-term babies sleep on their backs in order to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

Trim the nails of the infants during their first days of life with blunt edge scissors or file with an emery board to prevent scratching. The nails should be cut slightly across.

Bathing your baby will be a fun and you can enjoy doing it. Until the cord is fallen off give the sponge bath. After that, the tub baths can be given. While bathing, the water should be little warm.

Support the head and neck of the baby while bathing. Don’t use the soap on the face. Bathing should be done before feeding or after one hour after feeding the baby.

Diapers have to be changed when the baby is wet or soiled. Wash and pat dry after each bowel movement and wetting. For girls, gently wash from front to back by separating the folds with a clean wash cloth.

Wash the penis, folds near the scrotum and creases in boys. The foreskin of the uncircumcised baby should not be pushed back.

Hence, Caring newborn is life’s biggest challenge but soon you will be able to know their needs and how to soothe them.

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At the age of six, a child develops his senses. According to Montessori, a child’s bad temper or stubbornness reflects an unfulfilled necessity.

This is known as a child’s sensitive periods.

This is considered as the most crucial stage in a child’s life. Children go through this stage without a parent knowing what it is or how to handle it.

There are three important sensitive periods. These are sense for language, movement and order.

A child learns to speak through hearing the noises and voices around him. He imitates these sounds in order to create his own.

At an early age, he listens to them. A few months after, he tries to imitate them. And, at two, he starts to talk, non-stop. He learns to speak in due time.

A child also learns to move by observing the people around him. Montessori said that only human being has to learn to move. From the moment he is born, he is incapable of controlling his hands and feet. He randomly swings and bends them.

But about twelve months, he starts to learn to walk. A child’s first step needs a lot of concentration on his part. That is why, when a child is picked up by his parent when he is trying to walk towards a table, he becomes frustrated. The parent interrupted the child’s focus. It is better to allow the child to move freely, only disturbing him when he is at risk of hurting himself.

Children sense order in their environment the same as everyone else. When a certain happening is done routinely, he becomes accustomed to it. This is how he learns, understands and adapts his environment inside his own brain.

A child notices daily routines. He observes that a few minutes after he wakes up, his parent feeds him. Moreover, a child notices the different sizes, smells, texture and color of the things around him.

A child learns from his surroundings.

In sum, a child develops his own character from the surroundings around him. It is important to expose him to a few different setting in order to let him explore and learn.

A child passes through the absorbent mind stage and the sensitive periods. These stages must be carefully acknowledged. These develop the child into a complete human being.

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The energy and nutrient needs of the newborn to six month old infant are well met by breast milk. By age six months, the infant needs an additional source of carbohydrates and more vitamins A and C is provided in a milk-based diet alone.

Developmentally, the six month Old is ready to sit upright with support, observe a spoon with food coming towards its mouth, open it when ready for the food and move the food from the spoon to swallow. The six month old is also able to communicate its rejection of the food. The digestive system is matured enough to handle new foods. The younger infant is not developmentally able to do these things and is therefore not ready to be fed solid foods.

The first solid food introduced is usually iron-fortified infant rice cereal mixed with breast milk or formula. Very few people are allergic to rice and it is easily digested, so it makes an excellent choice for a first food. Barley cereal and a few teaspoons of breast milk of formula. This is a new experience and it may take a few feeding before baby is ready for a quantity of cereal.

Feed the baby in an upright position. Use rolled up towels or receiving blankets in a high chair if the infant needs additional support. Or have one adult hold the infant while another offers the food to baby. Do not try to feed the baby in a semi reclined position such as an infant carrier or care seat. it is very difficult for it to swallow while reclining and difficult to see the spoon as it comes towards its mouth. It is important that the infant be able to see the spoon coming towards its mouth so that it can open its mouth in anticipation. DO not force the spoon between closed lips as this turns feeding into an unpleasant experience and can cause many feeding problems later. Use an infant size spoon. Many babies prefer a plastic or rubber coated spoon- cold metal can be an unpleasant experience.

The baby who is developmentally ready for solids will learn to eagerly anticipate the full spoon coming towards its mouth and will be open and ready by the time it gets there. A baby who is reluctant to open and fusses and complains when the parent tries feeding for the first time may not be ready- wait a few days and then offer the food again.

Do not put infant cereal or any other solid into a bottle or infant feeder. It will interfere with the child’s natural ability to obtain the appropriate amount of energy from the milk feed. it is simply force feeding and inappropriate.

Once the infant is developmentally ready for solids, the parents need to be ready to change quickly. Infants are capable of very fast and rapid transitions from one ability to the next during the next few months. Parents need to be ready for those changes. Trying to stick to any set routine in this stages, or trying to keep the child from progressing from one stage to another, because the parent is not ready can have detrimental results for the growing child, and its transition to mature eating patterns. Allow the child to take the lead as this chewing and swallowing ability progresses. Learn to understand the child’s non-verbal communications and relax.

After the child has done well with infant cereal for several weeks, pureed or stained fruits or vegetables may be added to the diet. Experts do not agree on whether to add fruits first of vegetables first, and it probably does not matter, But ladies do have an innate preference for a sweet potatoes. purchased infant foods or those made at home may be used. A baby does not need added sugar or salt. If home prepared foods are used, careful sanitation practices should be observed. Wait three to five days between each new food offered to make sure that there is no problem with a food allergy.

Watch baby’s jaw as he is offered foods. When an up and down munching motion begins to be apparent, pureed meats, beans cooked egg yolk, tofu, cottage cheese and plain yogurt may be added to the diet.

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Abeka curriculum, from kindergarten to the higher grades, focuses on accelerated and advanced learning. The Abeka homeschooling curriculum helps you to teach many things in advance. It is quite useful for intelligent students with high picking pace, but at the same time, this feature can be overwhelming for some other students and parents.

Abeka curriculum offers different choices including DVDs, parent directed education and textbook materials. The different teaching choices help to keep the education lively and interesting through games, charts and videos. It covers different subjects including math, phonics, literature, science and history.

Abeka curriculum, from preschool to twelfth standard, presents a well-organized and systematic learning program. The textbooks contain lesson plan in the start of every chapter. It is a user-friendly curriculum as each textbook contains a teacher manual. The manual helps to teach the correct thing in the correct style and direction.

Moreover, the textbooks also contain some Christian material including biblical verses and principles. Especially, the math and the science curriculums are taught with the biblical point of view. Thus, you can instil the noble values right from the childhood. It is best for those parents who want to enlighten their children with Christianity teachings and truths.

Phonics in the Abeka homeschooling program emphasizes on the reading skill of your child. It concentrates on the pronunciation of the words and helps to make them good readers. Additionally, different workbooks are also included in the Abeka curriculum. The workbook exercises give much writing practice to the child. The separate handwriting curriculum at the fifth standard tends to teach cursive handwriting.  It also offers other writing options such as ball and stick including the pre-cursive print.

Using the Abeka curriculum, you can help your children in memorizing different things easily. The workbooks repeat the concepts so often that children really benefit from these reviews. You do not need to force them to learn everything. By its repeating exercises, the child learns almost everything at the end of the curriculum. Moreover, the editions are subjected to revision so that you can benefit from the latest knowledge and concepts.

The complete Abeka curriculum contains all the materials required for the entire year. It also includes items for arts and crafts. The books attract the attention of children through attractive patterns and colours. The curriculum keeps the children occupied till the last page.  Using Abeka curriculum, you can also assess their progress, time to time. Thus, Abeka is a comprehensive curriculum that provides both balance as well as enlightenment.

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As adults, we know when to visit the dentist.  Typically we have a visit every six months.  Knowing when to take our child for their first visit is hard.  Most parents don’t know when to take their kids to the dentist and put it off too long.  The American Academy of Pediatrics Dentistry recommends a dental visit when your child turns one year old or when they get their first tooth.

The main goal of a pediatric dentist is to prevent oral health problems from occurring.  Dental problems can begin early in life, even when a child is an infant.  Bottle fed babies have a risk of getting tooth decay, which can lead to other health concerns.  Parents try to feed their children the best foods from the beginning of their life, but even the best of foods can cause tooth decay.   The dentist will explain proper care for your child’s teeth, such as proper brushing and flossing techniques.  The dentist will usually take an exam while your child sits on your lap.  They will look for signs of decay and cavities.  Early preventative oral care is important to more than just your child’s health.  Tooth decay and oral problems can lead to heart disease later in your child’s life.  It can also lead to a stroke in their adult years.  Planning a simple visit with your pediatric dentist can save a lot of heartache and money in the future.

Pediatric dental care providers in Atlanta know how important it is to prevent dental health problems starting with children.  They are trained professionals that work well with kids.  Many pediatric dental offices are filled with fun colors and exciting to see as well as to play with.  Tours are available so the child can get acquainted with the dentist and their office.   If your child has popped their first tooth it is the right time to schedule an appointment with your pediatric dentist.

Related American Academy Pediatrics Articles

Classroom management is often one of the most difficult skills for a new classroom teacher to master.  Without proper planning and appropriate classroom materials, many teachers experience  the frustrations caused by a classroom out of control.  A teacher who fails to plan using a developmentally appropriate classroom curriculum, that includes an appropriate implementation plan, will quickly find it impossible to maintain an appropriate classroom environment.

In a well organized classroom with pre-planned, developmentally appropriate activities, children are busy exploring and there will be less opportunity for conflict.  A classroom that provides activities using a developmentally appropriate curriculum creates an environment that is less frustrating and as a result, the teacher will find joy in daily activities.  Most importantly, a developmentally appropriate classroom environment will result in happy children and satisfied parents.

Curriculums that include topics such as appropriate scheduling, creating a developmentally appropriate classroom, and making the most of learning centers, will help create a classroom environment that actively engages the child and keeps his or her attention.  When implemented in the classroom, these components contribute to less discipline problems and a smoother day.

When selecting a curriculum, teachers should consider the development of the children to ensure the suggested activities in the curriculum are adaptable to the varying skill levels of each child in the group.  Developmentally appropriate curriculums offer open ended activities that allow children to make choices and include objectives for the activities offered.

The foundations of a developmentally appropriate curriculum are the needs and interests of each individual child.  These curriculums are filled with numerous activities to choose from on a daily basis, giving the classroom teacher the opportunity to incorporate a balance of teacher-directed and child-initiated activities.  This allows for planned learning experiences as well as those guided by the children’s interests and abilities.  Curriculums that offer suggestions for field trips, community service projects, and special visitors in the classroom will help the children build a sense of belonging in the larger world around them.

The curriculum should include opportunities for child initiated activities that are offset by opportunities for teacher directed activities.  Child initiated activities allow children to learn independently through exploration and discovery with the guidance and supervision of the teacher.  With teacher directed activities, children are given specific teacher instructions and are expected to follow a specific plan as outlined under the direction of the classroom teacher.  In both teacher directed and child initiated activities, the curriculum selected should include objectives for the planned outcome of the activity and provide a well-rounded, engaging learning environment that stimulates children’s growth in all developmental domains.  Whether it’s climbing, singing, painting, or spending quiet time in a cozy corner, children will delight in an atmosphere that allows them to explore, investigate, learn, and discover!

Curriculum activities may often be repeated throughout the week.  Repetition of daily routines and experiences helps reinforce learning and leads to the mastery of skills. Curriculum should be designed to allow for flexibility in modifying activities to meet the individual learning styles, abilities, and interests of each child. Activities should incorporate cultural awareness through integrated holiday themes, stories and legends, art projects, and musical experiences, including input from individual children and their family’s culture, traditions, and rituals.

A curriculum should incorporate a strong literacy component and academic options that meet the standards for school readiness and help support children’s emerging skills in reading and writing in a developmentally appropriate manner.  Character education built into a curriculum will allow a teacher to help children develop positive character traits and set the foundation for high moral character in adulthood.  Recognizing that parents are partners in a young child’s journey through education, suggestions should be made to keep them involved in the program, both at home and at school.

Ongoing observation and assessment is crucial to meeting the constantly changing needs of young children. Look for a curriculum that contains an appropriate assessment component to help the teacher evaluate the children.  An appropriate assessment component aids the teacher’s efforts to meet the individual needs of each child and make program improvements as necessary. Once familiar with the curriculum, a teacher must continuously evaluate the needs of the children and decide which enrichments are best suited for each child.  By using weekly objectives, paired with the child’s needs, teachers will be able to offer opportunities for the maximum growth and development of each child.  Because children’s interests vary on a daily basis, a variety of activities must be planned for them to choose from.  By recording daily observations about the children’s interactions with the materials and activities in the learning centers and with each other, a teacher will become familiar with the children’s interests and abilities. These anecdotal notes will provide the teacher with the information needed to make better decisions about

which centers can be used to appropriately enrich the classroom and which activities to include or eliminate from future plans.

Early childhood professionals who dedicate themselves to working with young children, find that each new day presents an opportunity to help them become all they can be.  A child’s natural curiosity and eagerness to explore combined with a nurturing teacher and a well-rounded curriculum provides a magical recipe for enhanced learning and growth in all areas of child development.  A curriculum offering teachers a multitude of ideas in an easy-to-use format,  makes the burden of program planning lighter and provides the classroom teacher more time to meet the individual needs of each child.

Learn more about choosing a curriculum for your classroom. Visit ChildCare Education Institute to discover over 100 online child care training courses that meet the continuing education requirements of the child care industry.  Register for a sample course and try online learning today!

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